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   Biomechanics:   Spinal Biomechanical Studies of Human Movement
   Study of; muscle, bone, joint, lever system producing movement by leverage
  Biomechanics:  Human Movement Levers and Leverage with emphasis on spinal biomechanics & posture           

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or move to the next step and take the Final.

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Below is a trial test, which you may take for practice.

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True | False
1. When using the equilibrium of torque formula you use the length of the fixed effort arm and fixed resistance arm?
2. Benedetti discovered that the length of the effective effort or resistance arm was the perpendicular distance from their direction of application back to the fulcrum.
3
 The abridged definition of the study of biomechanics is:
A. Study of forces acting upon, produced by and then impacting within the musculo-skeletal system
B. Study of the muscles acting upon the musculo-skeletal system
C. Study of the forces produced by muscles acting upon musculoskeletal system
D. Study of the forces impacting the joints of the musculo-skeletal system
4.
 The effective lever arm was first written about by:
A. Leonardo da Vinci
B. Borelli
C. Benedetti
D. Archimedes
5.
 In the study of leverage, forces acting on a solid piece of matter such as a solid bar, the word used to represent the solid piece of matter is:
A. Fixed
B. Rigid
C. Steel
D. Immovable
6.
A simple lever system consists two opposing forces acting on a solid bar that would cause the solid bar to move about a fulcrum. The names applied to these two opposing forces is:
A. Force of resistance
B. Force of effort
C. Stabilizing Force
D. A and B
7.
When studying human movement the direction of the force of resistance can typically follow the direction of gravity, while the force of effort:
A. Follows direction of force of gravity
B. Will be in opposite direction of force of gravity
C. Will change as the direction of pull of the muscle changes
 D. None of above
8.
The fixed resistance arm length is:
A. The distance from the from the force of effort and the force of resistance
B. The distance from the fulcrum to farthest point on the fixed lever
 C. The distance from the fulcrum to the point on the fixed lever arm that the force of resistance is applied
 D. The distance from the line of gravity to the fulcrum
9.
The point at which a muscle insertion attaches to bone would typically be the length of the:
A. Fixed resistance arm
B. The magnitude of the effort
C. The fixed effort arm
D. Length of the resistance lifted
10.
Modern day teaching of the 3 classes of lever systems is based on:
A. The point which force of resistance is applied to the fixed lever arm
B. The distance from the point of application of the force of effort and the force of resistance to the fulcrum
 C. The perpindicular distance from the direction of the force of effort back to the fulcrum
D. A and B
11.
We advocate that the teaching of the 3 classes of levers (1st, 2nd, 3rd class) be stopped because of the following:
A. Physics does not teach them
B. They possess no functional truth
C. They are hard to understand
D. People do not need to know how a lever functions
12.
The physics formula for Equilibrium of Torque was first discovered by:
A. Archimedes
B. da Vinci
C. Hippocrates
D. Socrates
13.
 The study of muscle force in human movement would typically be the study of:
A. Force of resistance
B. Force of effort
C. Effective lever arm
D. The fixed effort arm
14.
The study of the anatomical origin and insertion of muscle and their impact on lever system would typically be the study of:
A. The force of resistance
B. The force of effort
 C. Effective effort arm
D. Fixed effort arm
15.
When lifting a weight and your effective effort arm length of the muscle is shorter then the effective resistance arm length of the weight lifted which of the following is true?
A. Your muscle will not be able to lift the weight
B. The muscle will have to produce more force then the force of the weight
C. The weight will produce more force then the muscle will produce
D. The force that the muscle must produce will have to be a little less then amount of force the weight is producing



 

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Phone: 360.887.8600         E-mail: spinalf@spinalfitness.com              Author Info Copyright 2003

Last Modified : 02/02/08 All concepts and diagrams, unless noted otherwise,  of human spinal development in gravitational environment are under copyright registration to John S. Scherger, D.C.. This information may be shared with others for personal use, however no document may be republished in any form or embedded in public databases without the permission of Dr. Scherger.